Oil burner



Jan. l1 1927. 1,613,781

A. R. BAKER OIL BURNER Original Filed Jan. 14. 1925 j] INVENTOR.

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BY f7 WM@ '1 /Z' ATTORNEY.

Patented Jan. 1.1, 1927. i

UNITED STATESl PATENT oFFlcE.

ARTHUR B. BAKER,'0F INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, ASSGNOB TO T. BWABT, 0F

' INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

on.l BURNER.

i Application :Elea January 14, 1925, Serielle. 2,887; Renewed Juno 7, 1928.

My said invention consists in an improved construction of oilburner, the purpose being to provide an apparatus for burning any character of fuel oil in atomized condition 4and to provide an apparatus in which such fuel will be practically all consumed, or perfect consumption attained, thereby to achieve economy in the use of fuel and freedom from smoke, all as will be herein,- after more fully described and claimed.

Referring to the accompan ing drawings, which are made a part hereo and on which similar reference characters represent similar parts.

Figure 1 is a horizontal section through a furnace equipped with my said oil burning apparatus, several parts of which are shown in elevation,

Figure 2, a vertical section through said furnace showing the oil burner in side elevation,

Figure 3, a detail view showing the retort or burner within the furnace on an enlarged scale and illustrating its construction more in detail,

Figure 4,y a detail view of the discharge nozzle of the oil burner, and

Figure 5, such a view showing a modified form of nozzle.

In said drawing the portions marked A represent the exterior Wall of the furnace, B the fire pot, C the retort, and D the oil burner nozzle. The furnace A may be of the form shown or of any approved construction and arrangement, the fire pot B beingprovided with an opening 10 leading to the outside.

The burner or retort C, as shown, is composed of a cylindrical casing 11 and bottom 12 and a series of superimposed disks 13 each formed with a central downwardly depending boss 14 and with a downwardly depending ange 15 at its periphery. A radial partition 16 is ositioned at one side of the chamber saidp partition extending from the bosses 14 to the flanges 16 dividing the chambers formed between the disks. On one side of said partition is an inlet 17 through which the fiame from the burner is discharged into said passages between the disks and on the opposite side of said partition is an outlet 18 through which the burnt gases escape to the chamber above the upper disk and out through an aperture 19 of the retort. It should be noted that the uppermost plate extends, over the inlet to the partition but has a segment omitted above the outlet space for upward escape of products of combustion. The cylinder 11 and disks 13 are preferably formed of carbofrax or of electrically sintered alundum both of which materials have been used an found satisfactory being of high refractory resisting power and also having great heat conductive roperties. Surrounding the cylinder v1l 1s a cylindrical covering 20 of transparent material, preferably mica, which has been used and found satisfactory for a purpose which will be presently described."

It will be understood, of course, .that the substances mentioned herein, of which the central parts are constructed, are substances which have been found suitable for the purpose, but that I do not intend to limit myself to such substances, but to have it understood that any substance found suitable for any part of the apparatus may be substitutcd Without departing from my invention. It is also to be understood that the parts 13 need not be shaped as circular disks nor need they be located in horizontal planes, but their form, position and relation to each other may vary betweenwide limits.

The oil burner nozzle D is connected with a blower 21 which is adapted to be operated.

be particularl described herein as any carbureter foun suitable may be employed. I prefer, however, thc carbureter forming the subject-matterof application No. 752,- 253, filed November 25, 1924, which has been"employed in this apparatus and found to'be part1cularly advantageous inasmuch as it maintains a low vacuum at high speed oT" the blower.

A tube or coil 28 is mounted to extend into the furnace, as best shown in Figure 1, one end being open lto the outer air and the other to the intake side of the carbureter to supply pre-heated air for mixture with the oil.

In loperation the blower is driven to create the suction through the carbureter which operates to draw in the fuel oil from the supply tank and also the air through coil 28 and mix, atomize and drive the mixture in atomized form through they nozzle D into the retort or burner within the cylinder C'.

In operation a certain portion of the oil will remain in liquid form and pass along the lower side of the nozzle. It is desirable that all the oil shall be thoroughly atomized and mixed with air in order that perfect consumption may be attained. For this purpose I attach a supplemental nozzle or air tube 30 to the top side of the nozzle D y'and bring it to a point adjacent tlfe under side of the discharge o ening in nozzle D so that air dischargedl rom said tube will form a blast 1n an angular direction across .the direction of the blast from the main tube, the end of the tube 30 being curved upwardly, as best shown in Figure 4, for this purpose. By this means such liquid fuel as may be at the lower side of the nozzle D will be drawn outwardly by the suction and thoroughly atomized and mingled withV the remainder of the atomized fuel and discharged therewith into theretort or burner The fuel being ignited at the mouth of the discharge nozzle the flame caused by the burning fuel will be impelled through the opening 17 in one side of the burner and through the pass-ways or chambers between the disks 1 3 entirely around the burner from one side to the other to burn the gases escaping through the opening 18 and out through the furnace and the stack,

In operation the heat caused by the flames will raise the temperature of the burner or retort until the cylinder C becomes a bright red which reflects through the translucent cover 20 and is absorbed by the walls of the heating chamber -B and radiates throu vh said walls into the heating chamber of tie furnace. The fuel is discharged in atomized form from the nozzle between the hot plates. The minute drops or atoms strike the hot plates and are vaporized and ignited. As they are completely surrounded by 'flame the free carbon will be utterly consumed,

'and all the fuel will be so changed or consumed that no visible smoke results from the combustion.

The translucent cylinder or cover 20 1s an important feature of the construction of the retort or burner inasmuch as without such a cover the cylinder U will not maintain the high red color and cause the Aheat raised to be reflected against the walls of the h'cating chamber.

In Figure 5, I have shown a modified construction of a nozzle wherein a spiral partition 31 is mounted within the nozzle D and is adapted to direct a part of the current of air passing through said nozzle adjacent to the mouth thereof from the upper Having thus fully described my said inl vention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An oil burner comprising a nozzle, means for directing an air blast through said nozzle, a carbureter connected with said means, means for supplying fuel oil and air to the carbureter, and an air conduit adapted to take air from the upper part of the nozzle and discharge it in the form of an upward blast at the lower side of its discharge end, substantially as set forth.

2. Anoil burner comprising a nozzle, meansfor directing an air blast through said nozzle, fuel supplying means, air supplyin means, a carbureter connected with said el and air su plying means at its intake side and with file means for creating the air blast at its discharge side, and an air conduit connected with the nozzle to take air from its upper side at a point back from its discharge end and discharge it in the form of a forward blast at the lower side of its discharge end, substantially as set forth.

3. In an oil burning apparatus, means for supplying fuel oil in atomized form including a nozzle', a' burner comprising imperforate plates spaced apart and adapted to receive the fuel from the nozzle laterally between them, a wall of refractory material surrounding said plates, and an outer coverin wall, su stantially as set forth.

4. A burner comprising a 'Casin superposed disks in saidcasing each avin a central downwardly dependin boss an a. peripheral downwardly depen ing flange, a partition disposed radially between said bosses and flanges and forming a tortuous passage from one side of said partition around to the other side thereof one side of said partition providing an inlet for the burner and the other side of said partition having communication with the casing forming an outlet for the burner, substantially as set forth.

5. In an oil burner, a chamber having end pieces of refractory material,.an outer wall of refractory material enclosing the space' between said end pieces, inlet and outlet -ports in said outer wall, and partitions dividing the chamber into a plurality of substantially parallel passa es of subsidiary chambers each leading rom the inlet port to the outlet port, substantially as set forth.

etl

of translucent material about said v fuel into the other; opening, su

6. In an oil burner, a cylindrical outer wall having a se ental opening, a longitudinal partition isecting said opening, end closures one of which is cut awa opposite said segmental opening at one si eonly of said partition, and means for feeding atomized. fuel into the other opening, substantially as set forth.

7. In an oil burner, a cylindrical outer wall having. a se tudinal partition isecting said opening, end closures one of which is cut away o posite said segmental opening at one si e only of said artition, plates lntersecting the axis of the c amber within said wall to provide 'passages leading from the inlet port to the 'outlet port, and means for feedin atomized antially as set forth.

20 8. In an oil burning apparatus, a burner comprising a casinghavlng inlet and outlet ports and spaced orizontal partitions in the casing' arranged to ental opening, a longi simultaneously conduct the dame in a circular path through the burner, and means for discharging atomized fuel into the chamber through said inlet "ort, substantially as set forth.

' 9. nan oil burninga paratns, a burner f comprising a pluralit o partitions, a spacing element interme iate each pair of partitions, said s acing elements being similarly arranged an disposed in abutting), relation to form an obstruction, a radial partition separating the inlet from`the outlet ports, andmeans for supplying atomized fuel lat erally between said artitions at one side 4of 1 said radial partition whereby the fuel will pass in a circuitous same, substantially as set orth.

In witness whereof, I have hereuntov set* my hand and seal at Indianapolis, Indiana,

D.,v nineteen e' this 8th da hundred, an twenty-live.

l'ARTHUR R. BAKER. [L..a,1

of January, A.`

ath aroundV the 

